Mazdutide

Mazdutide (IBI362): GLP-1 and Glucagon Dual-Agonist Research Guide

Mazdutide, also known by the research codes IBI362 and LY3305677, is a long-acting, acylated peptide analogue of oxyntomodulin studied as a dual agonist of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and glucagon receptor (GCGR). It does not activate GIPR. Therefore, researchers should not describe it as a GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple agonist. The dual-receptor design makes mazdutide relevant to research on incretin signaling, appetite-related pathways, glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure, lipid metabolism, and liver-fat biology.

Hanpro Peptides supplies Mazdutide as a lyophilized material for laboratory, analytical, in-vitro, and appropriately authorized preclinical research. The current catalog variation is 10mg × 10 vials. That amount describes packaging only; it is not an experimental or clinical dose. This research material is not a regulated finished medicine. Researchers must never use it for human or veterinary administration, self-experimentation, diagnosis, treatment, or disease prevention.

Molecular identity and design

Research name	Mazdutide
Synonyms	IBI362, IBI-362, LY3305677, LY-3305677
Peptide class	Long-acting acylated oxyntomodulin analogue
Primary receptor targets	GLP-1 receptor and glucagon receptor
Core peptide length	34 residues with engineered modifications and a lipid-containing side chain
Published core sequence	HXQGTFTSDYSKYLDEKKAKEFVEWLLEGGPSSG; X denotes a modified residue
Approximate molecular mass	About 4.5 kDa; verify the exact supplied form on lot documentation
CAS number	2259884-03-0
Catalog specification	10mg × 10 vials
Intended use	Laboratory research and analytical use only

The World Health Organization’s proposed International Nonproprietary Name documentation identifies mazdutide as a modified peptide that activates glucagon and GLP-1 receptors. Its lipid-containing side chain contributes to albumin association and extended exposure in pharmaceutical development. Because modified residues, side-chain composition, counterions, residual water, and salt form affect analytical calculations, laboratories should use the lot-specific certificate and label rather than relying only on a generic molecular-weight value.

How mazdutide is studied

1. GLP-1 receptor signaling

Scientists have identified GLP-1R, a class B G-protein-coupled receptor, in pancreatic, neural, gastrointestinal, and other experimental systems. Receptor activation commonly increases cyclic AMP and engages protein kinase A and exchange-protein pathways. Depending on the model, downstream readouts may include glucose-dependent insulin secretion, beta-cell signaling, gastric-motility pathways, neuronal activity, and appetite-related behavior. Therefore, researchers should measure or control receptor expression and glucose conditions rather than assume them.

2. Glucagon receptor signaling

GCGR is also a class B GPCR and is strongly associated with hepatic signaling, substrate flux, glucose production, amino-acid metabolism, lipid oxidation, and energy expenditure. Therefore, the inclusion of glucagon-receptor activity distinguishes mazdutide from selective GLP-1R agonists. In a research setting, this creates opportunities to examine how balanced co-agonism changes cellular or whole-system responses compared with activation of either receptor alone.

3. Dual-agonist balance

However, the biological profile of a dual agonist depends on its relative potency, efficacy, receptor reserve, tissue distribution, exposure, and assay format. A single label such as “dual agonist” does not guarantee equal activation in every system. For example, researchers can compare concentration-response curves in matched GLP-1R- and GCGR-expressing cells. They can then calculate potency and maximal response and use selective antagonists or genetic controls to identify the relevant receptor.

4. Oxyntomodulin-inspired engineering

By contrast, native oxyntomodulin can activate both GLP-1R and GCGR but undergoes rapid clearance. Mazdutide uses sequence engineering and acylation to create a longer-acting research molecule. The modified structure may influence receptor kinetics, albumin binding, adsorption, analytical recovery, and stability. Native oxyntomodulin, a selective GLP-1R agonist, and a selective GCGR agonist can be informative comparators when the goal is to understand structure–activity relationships.

Research applications

Receptor pharmacology: quantify GLP-1R and GCGR activation using cAMP accumulation, beta-arrestin recruitment, receptor internalization, or reporter-gene assays. Matched receptor-expression levels, reference agonists, antagonist controls, and cell-viability measurements help distinguish true pharmacology from system bias or assay interference.

Glucose-homeostasis models: investigate glucose-dependent insulin signaling, glucagon pathways, hepatic glucose output, and interactions between pancreatic and hepatic systems. For example, published clinical studies have examined glycemic endpoints in people with type 2 diabetes. However, laboratories should use catalog research material only in approved research models. Results from human trials do not establish the identity, safety, or suitability of a research vial.

Energy-balance and obesity research: preclinical studies may measure food intake, energy expenditure, respiratory exchange, body composition, thermogenesis, or hypothalamic signaling. Likewise, clinical trials have assessed body-weight outcomes, waist circumference, and metabolic markers. However, these observations are evidence about a regulated development program. They are not instructions for personal use or claims that a laboratory preparation produces the same outcome.

Lipid and liver research: scientists study dual GLP-1R/GCGR signaling in relation to triglyceride metabolism, fatty-acid oxidation, hepatic lipid content, liver enzymes, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Therefore, researchers should separate direct hepatocyte effects from secondary changes caused by altered food intake, body weight, insulin signaling, or systemic substrate availability.

Comparative pharmacology and formulation analysis

Comparative incretin biology: researchers can compare mazdutide with selective GLP-1R agonists, GLP-1R/GIPR co-agonists, other GLP-1R/GCGR dual agonists, or native ligands. In addition, the comparison should account for receptor selectivity, peptide concentration, exposure duration, albumin content, species pharmacology, and assay amplification. Tirzepatide, for example, targets GLP-1R and GIPR, whereas mazdutide targets GLP-1R and GCGR.

Analytical and formulation development: the acylated structure makes mazdutide useful in studies of reversed-phase retention, aggregation, adsorption, peptide–albumin association, matrix recovery, and degradation. Researchers must qualify analytical methods for the exact salt form and matrix. Moreover, a method developed for an unmodified peptide may not transfer directly to an acylated analogue.

Experimental design considerations

First, define whether the question concerns receptor potency, pathway bias, metabolic flux, cellular stress, formulation stability, or another endpoint. Next, select a concentration range from peer-reviewed work using a closely matched system. Then perform pilot concentration-response and time-course experiments. In addition, include untreated, vehicle, positive, and negative controls. Finally, use selective receptor antagonists, receptor-knockout models, or matched receptor-null cells when receptor attribution is important.

GLP-1R and GCGR pharmacology can vary across species. Confirm that the test system expresses functional receptors and report the species, cell background, receptor density, passage number, incubation conditions, and normalization method. In metabolic assays, document glucose concentration, serum or albumin content, nutrient composition, and fasting or feeding state. Acylated peptides may bind albumin or plastic surfaces, so free concentration can differ from nominal concentration.

For cellular work, pair pathway measurements with cell count or viability. For metabolic-flux studies, combine at least two independent readouts such as extracellular flux, stable-isotope tracing, ATP measurement, metabolomics, or enzyme activity. When studying liver-fat pathways, distinguish total lipid content from individual lipid species and pair biochemical measurements with imaging or histology where appropriate.

Moreover, randomization, blinded analysis, predefined exclusion criteria, and transparent reporting reduce bias in animal and imaging studies. Researchers should not assume that a response at one time point represents a durable adaptation. Therefore, sampling schedules should capture both early receptor signaling and later transcriptional or metabolic changes.

Handling and analytical quality

First, review the current label, safety documentation, and lot-specific certificate before opening. Next, establish a qualified procedure covering solvent, pH, target concentration, mixing method, container, temperature, and hold time. However, do not copy reconstitution instructions from a prescription product or another supplier. Formulation, excipients, concentration, and salt form may differ. This page intentionally provides no human dose, injection route, or self-administration guidance.

In addition, use calibrated equipment and record the lot, vial identifier, operator, preparation time, solvent lot, calculation, container type, and storage history. Because acylated peptides can show surface adsorption or matrix-dependent recovery, free concentration may differ from the nominal value. Therefore, low-binding consumables and recovery controls may be useful. If researchers use aliquoting to reduce repeated freeze-thaw exposure, they should determine acceptable cycle limits with a stability-indicating assay.

Finally, fit-for-purpose analysis may include reversed-phase HPLC or UPLC for purity and degradation profiling. LC-MS or high-resolution MS can confirm identity, while peptide mapping or orthogonal spectroscopy can answer additional questions. In addition, researchers may need water, counterion, and peptide-content measurements for accurate mass balance. Chemical purity does not demonstrate receptor activity. Therefore, researchers need a functional GLP-1R/GCGR assay when biological potency matters.

Clinical-development and regulatory context

The early program used Eli Lilly’s LY3305677 code, and Innovent Biologics licensed development and commercialization rights in China. Subsequently, randomized phase 1, phase 2, and phase 3 studies evaluated the molecule in Chinese adults with overweight, obesity, or type 2 diabetes. Overall, published trials report changes in body weight and glycemic endpoints alongside adverse events typical of incretin-based pharmacology. Nevertheless, trial findings must remain tied to the studied populations, protocols, and regulated clinical material.

China’s National Medical Products Administration approved mazdutide in June 2025 for chronic weight management in specified adults and later in September 2025 for glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. However, those approvals are jurisdiction- and product-specific. They do not convert this Hanpro Peptides research item into an approved medicine, generic product, or substitute for a prescription formulation.

Frequently asked questions

Is mazdutide a triple agonist?

No. WHO documentation, peer-reviewed trials, and developer materials describe mazdutide as a dual GLP-1 receptor and glucagon receptor agonist. It is not a GIP-receptor agonist. Triple agonists that also activate GIPR are a different pharmacological class.

Is mazdutide the same as semaglutide or tirzepatide?

No. Semaglutide is a selective GLP-1R agonist. Tirzepatide activates GLP-1R and GIPR. Mazdutide activates GLP-1R and GCGR. These differences affect experimental hypotheses, comparator selection, and interpretation.

What research concentration should be used?

There is no universal concentration. It depends on receptor expression, assay sensitivity, albumin content, exposure time, endpoint, species, and peptide form. Select ranges from closely matched peer-reviewed studies and validate them with concentration-response, time-course, recovery, and viability controls. The catalog vial size is not a dosing recommendation.

Does this product support weight-loss or diabetes use?

No. This item is a laboratory research material, not a finished medicine. It must not be administered to humans or animals or used for weight management, glucose control, or any other clinical purpose. Regulatory approval of a mazdutide medicine in China does not apply to this product.

How can researchers verify dual-receptor activity?

Run separate concentration-response assays in validated GLP-1R- and GCGR-expressing systems, with reference agonists and receptor-null controls. cAMP is a common proximal readout, but beta-arrestin, internalization, and downstream transcriptional assays can provide complementary information. Confirm that a response is not caused by cytotoxicity or optical interference.

How should researchers store lyophilized mazdutide?

Follow the current label and lot-specific certificate. Protect unopened material from moisture and unnecessary light. Solution stability depends on buffer, pH, concentration, container, temperature, albumin content, and freeze-thaw history; establish these parameters experimentally.

Can researchers combine mazdutide with another peptide?

Only within a scientifically justified laboratory design. First evaluate chemical compatibility, recovery, stability, and assay interference. Include single-agent, vehicle, and combination arms. Do not assume that peptides used in the same research area are physically compatible or produce additive receptor effects.

Related metabolic research products

• MOTS-c – mitochondrial-derived peptide for metabolic and stress-signaling research.
• SS-31 – aromatic-cationic peptide for mitochondrial membrane and cardiolipin research.
• Humanin – mitochondrial-derived peptide studied in cellular stress models.
• NAD+ – research material for redox and metabolic enzyme studies.
• Cagrilintide + Semaglutide – combination research material for controlled comparative studies.

For separate catalog identities, see Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, and Retatrutide. These navigation links are not recommendations for administration or combinations. Each research material requires its own identity, evidence and documentation review.

Selected scientific and regulatory references

• WHO Proposed INN List 126: mazdutide identity, sequence, and receptor class.
• PubChem record for mazdutide identifiers and molecular data.
• Randomized phase 1b study in Chinese participants with type 2 diabetes.
• Randomized phase 1b study in Chinese adults with overweight or obesity.
• Randomized phase 2 study in Chinese participants with type 2 diabetes.
• GLORY-1 randomized phase 3 study in Chinese adults with obesity or overweight.
• Phase 3 monotherapy study in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes.
• GLORY-2 randomized phase 3 study in Chinese adults with obesity.
• Innovent announcement of China approval for chronic weight management.
• Innovent announcement of China approval for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

Research-use disclaimer

Mazdutide from Hanpro Peptides is supplied strictly for laboratory research and analytical use. It is not a medicine, dietary supplement, cosmetic product, or veterinary product and is not a substitute for any approved mazdutide formulation. It must not be used for human or animal consumption, administration, diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease. Purchasers are responsible for lawful procurement, institutional approval, safe handling, storage, experimental suitability, and disposal.