TB500(Thymosin B4 Acetate）

TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 Acetate): Comprehensive Research Guide

Thymosin Beta-4, commonly known as TB-500, is a synthetic peptide that has gained significant attention in the research community for its remarkable regenerative and healing properties. This 43-amino-acid peptide is a synthetic version of a naturally occurring protein found in virtually all human and animal cells. TB-500 has been extensively studied for its ability to promote tissue repair, reduce inflammation, improve flexibility, and support recovery from various types of injuries.

At Hanpro Peptides, we provide the highest purity TB-500 for research purposes only. Our products are manufactured in state-of-the-art facilities and undergo rigorous quality testing to ensure 99%+ purity. This comprehensive guide covers everything researchers need to know about TB-500, including its molecular structure, mechanisms of action, research applications, proper handling, and frequently asked questions.

Molecular Structure and Properties

TB-500 is a synthetic peptide consisting of 43 amino acids with the molecular formula C₂₁₂H₃₅₀N₅₆O₇₇S. Its molecular weight is approximately 4963.5 g/mol. The peptide is highly stable and soluble in water, making it suitable for various research applications. The sequence of TB-500 is: Ac-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro-Asp-Met-Ala-Glu-Ile-Glu-Lys-Phe-Asp-Lys-Ser-Lys-Leu-Lys-Lys-Thr-Glu-Thr-Gln-Glu-Lys-Asn-Pro-Leu-Pro-Ser-Lys-Glu-Thr-Ile-Glu-Gln-Glu-Lys-Gln-Ala-Gly-Glu-Ser-OH.

TB-500 is an N-terminally acetylated and C-terminally amidated peptide, which enhances its stability and bioavailability. The peptide’s unique structure allows it to interact with multiple biological pathways, contributing to its diverse range of effects. Unlike many other peptides, TB-500 is not a growth factor itself, but rather modulates the activity of various growth factors and cellular processes.

Mechanisms of Action

TB-500 exerts its effects through multiple interconnected mechanisms, making it a versatile research compound. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for designing effective research studies and interpreting results.

1. Actin Regulation: One of the primary mechanisms of TB-500 is its ability to bind to actin, a protein that forms the cytoskeleton of cells. By binding to actin, TB-500 promotes the polymerization and depolymerization of actin filaments, which is essential for cell migration, tissue repair, and wound healing. This actin-regulating property is particularly important for the migration of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells to sites of injury.

2. Growth Factor Modulation: TB-500 has been shown to upregulate the expression of various growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). These growth factors play essential roles in angiogenesis, epithelial cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and tissue regeneration. By modulating these growth factors, TB-500 creates a favorable environment for tissue repair and regeneration.

3. Anti-Inflammatory Effects: TB-500 exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties by modulating the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. It has been shown to reduce levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines. This dual action helps reduce inflammation at injury sites, creating a more favorable environment for healing.

4. Angiogenesis Promotion: TB-500 promotes the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) by stimulating endothelial cell migration and proliferation. This process is critical for delivering oxygen and nutrients to injured tissues, facilitating the healing process. The peptide’s ability to promote angiogenesis is particularly important for the repair of tissues with poor blood supply, such as tendons and ligaments.

5. Collagen Synthesis and Tissue Remodeling: TB-500 stimulates fibroblasts to produce collagen and other extracellular matrix components. This is essential for strengthening repaired tissues and preventing re-injury. The peptide also promotes the organized deposition of collagen fibers, resulting in stronger, more flexible, and more functional scar tissue. Unlike some other healing peptides, TB-500 promotes the formation of more elastic and flexible scar tissue, which is particularly beneficial for connective tissue injuries.

6. Cell Migration and Differentiation: TB-500 promotes the migration and differentiation of various cell types, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and stem cells. This is essential for the re-epithelialization of wounds, the formation of new blood vessels, and the regeneration of damaged tissues. The peptide’s ability to promote cell migration is particularly important for the repair of large or chronic wounds.

Research Applications

TB-500 has been investigated in numerous preclinical studies for its potential therapeutic applications across various medical fields. The following sections highlight the most promising areas of research.

1. Musculoskeletal Injury Repair

One of the most extensively studied applications of TB-500 is in the repair of musculoskeletal injuries, including tendon, ligament, muscle, and joint damage. TB-500 is particularly well-known for its ability to promote the healing of connective tissue injuries, which are often slow to heal due to their poor blood supply.

In animal models of Achilles tendon injury, TB-500 treatment resulted in faster healing, improved tensile strength, and better组织结构 compared to controls. The peptide promoted the formation of more organized collagen fibers and increased the vascularity of the injured tendon. Similarly, studies on ligament injuries showed enhanced collagen fiber organization, increased mechanical strength, and improved flexibility in treated groups.

For muscle injuries, TB-500 has been shown to reduce scar tissue formation and promote the regeneration of functional muscle fibers. In animal models of muscle contusion, TB-500 treatment accelerated the regeneration of muscle fibers, reduced inflammation, and improved muscle function. The peptide’s ability to promote the formation of more elastic scar tissue is particularly beneficial for muscle injuries, as it reduces the risk of re-injury and improves flexibility.

Joint injuries, including cartilage damage and osteoarthritis, are another area where TB-500 shows promise. In animal models of osteoarthritis, TB-500 treatment reduced cartilage degradation, decreased synovial inflammation, and improved joint function. The peptide’s anti-inflammatory properties and ability to promote cartilage matrix synthesis make it a promising candidate for further investigation in joint disease research.

TB-500 is also frequently studied in combination with BPC-157 for musculoskeletal injuries, as the two peptides may have synergistic effects. BPC-157 primarily promotes the healing of soft tissues and organs, while TB-500 is particularly effective for connective tissue injuries. The combination of these two peptides may provide more comprehensive healing benefits than either peptide alone.

2. Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration

TB-500 has been extensively studied for its wound healing properties, with research demonstrating its effectiveness in promoting the healing of various types of wounds, including surgical incisions, burns, diabetic ulcers, and chronic wounds.

In animal models of surgical wounds, TB-500 treatment accelerated wound closure, increased tensile strength, and improved collagen deposition. The peptide’s ability to promote keratinocyte migration and proliferation is particularly important for the re-epithelialization of wounds. TB-500 also promotes the formation of more organized and elastic scar tissue, resulting in less visible and more functional scars.

For burn injuries, TB-500 has shown promise in promoting the healing of partial-thickness and full-thickness burns. In animal models of thermal injury, TB-500 treatment reduced inflammation, promoted re-epithelialization, and improved the quality of healed skin. The peptide also reduced scar formation, resulting in more aesthetically pleasing and functional healed tissue. TB-500’s ability to promote angiogenesis is particularly beneficial for burn injuries, as burns often damage blood vessels and impair circulation to the injured area.

Diabetic wounds are particularly challenging to heal due to impaired circulation, reduced growth factor production, chronic inflammation, and impaired cell migration. TB-500 has shown significant potential in treating diabetic ulcers by addressing these underlying issues. In animal models of diabetic wounds, TB-500 treatment accelerated wound closure, improved angiogenesis, restored normal growth factor expression, and enhanced keratinocyte and fibroblast migration. The peptide’s ability to improve circulation and reduce inflammation makes it particularly effective in the diabetic wound environment.

Chronic wounds, such as pressure ulcers and venous ulcers, are another area where TB-500 shows promise. These wounds often fail to heal due to a combination of impaired circulation, chronic inflammation, reduced growth factor production, and bacterial infection. TB-500’s ability to promote angiogenesis, reduce inflammation, modulate growth factors, and promote cell migration makes it a promising candidate for further investigation in chronic wound research.

3. Cardiovascular Protection

TB-500 has demonstrated significant cardiovascular protective effects in various preclinical studies. The peptide has been shown to protect against heart damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury, which occurs when blood supply returns to the heart after a period of deprivation.

In animal models of myocardial infarction, TB-500 treatment reduced infarct size, preserved cardiac function, and improved survival rates. The peptide’s cardioprotective effects are attributed to its ability to reduce oxidative stress, inhibit apoptosis (programmed cell death) of cardiomyocytes, and promote angiogenesis in the ischemic heart tissue. TB-500 also promoted the migration of endothelial progenitor cells to the injured heart, contributing to the formation of new blood vessels and improved cardiac function.

TB-500 has also been investigated for its potential to treat heart failure. In animal models of heart failure, TB-500 treatment improved cardiac function, reduced cardiac fibrosis, and increased exercise capacity. The peptide’s ability to promote angiogenesis and reduce fibrosis may help improve the function of the failing heart by increasing blood supply and reducing scar tissue formation.

Additionally, TB-500 has shown potential in preventing and treating blood clots (thrombosis). Research indicates that TB-500 can modulate the coagulation cascade and promote fibrinolysis (the breakdown of blood clots). In animal models of deep vein thrombosis, TB-500 treatment reduced thrombus weight and promoted clot resolution without significantly increasing bleeding risk. The peptide’s ability to promote angiogenesis and improve circulation may also help prevent the formation of blood clots by improving blood flow.

4. Neurological Repair and Neuroprotection

TB-500 has emerged as a promising research compound in the field of neuroscience due to its potential neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties. The peptide has been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier and exert direct effects on the central nervous system.

In animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI), TB-500 treatment reduced brain edema, preserved neuronal integrity, and improved functional outcomes. The peptide’s neuroprotective effects are attributed to its ability to reduce oxidative stress, inhibit neuroinflammation, and prevent neuronal apoptosis. TB-500 also promoted the migration of neural stem cells to the injured brain area, contributing to tissue repair and functional recovery.

TB-500 has also been studied for its potential to treat spinal cord injuries. In animal models of spinal cord contusion, TB-500 treatment promoted axonal regeneration, reduced glial scar formation, and improved locomotor function. The peptide’s ability to create a permissive environment for nerve regeneration makes it a promising candidate for further investigation in spinal cord injury research. TB-500’s actin-regulating property is particularly important for axonal regeneration, as actin dynamics are essential for growth cone motility and axon extension.

Additionally, TB-500 has shown potential in treating peripheral nerve injuries. In animal models of sciatic nerve injury, TB-500 treatment accelerated nerve regeneration, improved muscle reinnervation, and enhanced functional recovery. The peptide promotes the proliferation of Schwann cells, which are essential for nerve regeneration, and stimulates the expression of neurotrophic factors such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

Preliminary research also suggests that TB-500 may have potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. In animal models of Parkinson’s disease, TB-500 treatment protected dopaminergic neurons from degeneration and improved motor function. Similarly, in models of Alzheimer’s disease, TB-500 reduced amyloid-beta plaque formation, reduced neuroinflammation, and improved cognitive function. The peptide’s anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties make it a promising candidate for further investigation in neurodegenerative disease research.

5. Gastrointestinal Protection and Healing

TB-500 has been studied for its gastrointestinal protective effects, particularly in the context of inflammatory bowel disease and gastric ulcers. The peptide’s ability to reduce inflammation, promote tissue repair, and improve circulation makes it a promising candidate for gastrointestinal disease research.

In animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, TB-500 treatment reduced intestinal inflammation, preserved mucosal integrity, and improved clinical symptoms. The peptide’s anti-inflammatory properties, combined with its ability to promote tissue repair and angiogenesis, make it a promising candidate for further investigation in IBD research. TB-500 also promoted the healing of intestinal ulcers and reduced the formation of fistulas, which are common complications of Crohn’s disease.

For gastric ulcers, TB-500 has been shown to protect against various forms of gastrointestinal damage, including ulcers induced by NSAIDs, alcohol, and stress. In animal models of gastric ulcers, TB-500 treatment significantly reduced ulcer size, promoted mucosal healing, and restored the integrity of the gastric lining. The peptide’s protective effects are attributed to its ability to stimulate mucus production, enhance blood flow to the gastric mucosa, and promote the proliferation of epithelial cells.

TB-500 has also been studied for its potential to treat intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, which occurs when blood supply returns to the intestines after a period of deprivation. In animal models of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, TB-500 treatment reduced intestinal damage, preserved intestinal barrier function, and reduced mortality. The peptide’s ability to reduce oxidative stress, inhibit apoptosis, and promote angiogenesis may help protect the intestines from ischemia-reperfusion injury.

6. Liver and Organ Protection

TB-500 has demonstrated protective effects on various organs, including the liver, kidneys, and lungs. In animal models of liver injury induced by toxins such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or acetaminophen, TB-500 treatment reduced liver damage, preserved liver function, and promoted liver regeneration.

The peptide’s hepatoprotective effects are attributed to its ability to reduce oxidative stress, inhibit inflammation, and promote the proliferation of hepatocytes (liver cells). TB-500 has also shown potential in treating liver fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells, which are responsible for excessive collagen deposition in fibrotic liver disease. In animal models of liver fibrosis, TB-500 treatment reduced collagen deposition, improved liver function, and reduced portal hypertension.

In models of acute kidney injury, TB-500 treatment reduced renal damage, preserved kidney function, and promoted tubular regeneration. The peptide’s protective effects are attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its ability to promote the proliferation of renal tubular cells and improve renal blood flow. TB-500 has also shown potential in treating chronic kidney disease by reducing renal fibrosis and improving renal function.

TB-500 has also shown protective effects in models of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In animal models of LPS-induced lung injury, TB-500 treatment reduced pulmonary inflammation, decreased lung edema, improved oxygenation, and reduced mortality. The peptide’s ability to reduce inflammation, promote tissue repair, and improve circulation makes it a promising candidate for further investigation in respiratory disease research. TB-500 has also shown potential in treating pulmonary fibrosis by reducing collagen deposition and improving lung function.

Product Specifications

Product Name	TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 Acetate)
Sequence	Ac-SDKPDMAEIEKFDKSKLKKTETQEKNPLPSKETIEQEKQAGES-OH
Molecular Formula	C212H350N56O77S
Molecular Weight	4963.5 g/mol
Purity	≥99%
Appearance	White lyophilized powder
Solubility	Soluble in water and sterile saline
Storage	Store at -20°C upon receipt. After reconstitution, store at 2-8°C for up to 30 days.
Available Sizes	2mg, 5mg, 10mg
Quality Control	HPLC, Mass Spectrometry, COA provided

Reconstitution and Handling Guidelines

Proper reconstitution and handling are essential for maintaining the stability and efficacy of TB-500. Follow these guidelines carefully to ensure optimal results in your research.

Reconstitution Procedure:

1. Allow the vial to reach room temperature before opening (approximately 15-20 minutes).
2. Wipe the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab and allow it to dry.
3. Using a sterile syringe, inject the appropriate volume of bacteriostatic water or sterile saline into the vial. For a 5mg vial, add 2.5mL of solvent to achieve a concentration of 2mg/mL. For a 10mg vial, add 5mL of solvent for a 2mg/mL concentration.
4. Gently swirl the vial until the powder is completely dissolved. Do not shake vigorously, as this can denature the peptide.
5. Once fully dissolved, the solution should be clear and colorless. If you notice any particles or discoloration, do not use the solution.

Storage After Reconstitution:

• Store reconstituted TB-500 in a refrigerator at 2-8°C (36-46°F).
• When stored properly, reconstituted TB-500 remains stable for up to 30 days.
• For long-term storage (up to 6 months), aliquot the solution into individual doses and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, as this can degrade the peptide.
• Do not store reconstituted peptide in direct sunlight or at room temperature for extended periods.

Handling Precautions:

• Always wear gloves and use sterile technique when handling TB-500.
• Use only sterile syringes and needles for reconstitution and administration.
• Do not mix TB-500 with other peptides or compounds in the same vial unless you have verified compatibility.
• If you are using TB-500 for in vitro studies, dilute it to the desired concentration using appropriate buffer solutions.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is TB-500 and where does it come from?

A: TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4) is a synthetic 43-amino-acid peptide that is a synthetic version of a naturally occurring protein found in virtually all human and animal cells. The original protein was discovered in the 1960s by researchers investigating the thymus gland. They identified that a specific 43-amino-acid peptide was responsible for many of the protein’s biological effects. This peptide was synthesized and named Thymosin Beta-4, or TB-500. It is important to note that TB-500 is a synthetic compound and is not extracted from human or animal sources. The peptide is N-terminally acetylated and C-terminally amidated, which enhances its stability and bioavailability.

Q2: Is TB-500 legal for research purposes?

A: Yes, TB-500 is legal for research purposes in most countries, including the United States, when purchased from reputable suppliers and used strictly for laboratory research. It is classified as a research chemical and is not approved for human consumption or therapeutic use by regulatory agencies such as the FDA. Researchers must ensure that their use of TB-500 complies with all applicable local, state, and federal regulations. At Hanpro Peptides, we sell TB-500 exclusively for research purposes, and all purchasers must agree to use the product only for legitimate scientific research. It is important to note that TB-500 is not a controlled substance, but it is not intended for human use.

Q3: What is the recommended dosage for TB-500 in research studies?

A: The optimal dosage of TB-500 varies depending on the specific research application, animal model, and route of administration. In preclinical studies, dosages have ranged from 0.5 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg body weight, depending on the study design. For in vitro studies, concentrations typically range from 10 nM to 100 μM. It is important to note that these are research dosages and should not be interpreted as recommendations for human use. Researchers should consult published literature and conduct dose-response studies to determine the optimal dosage for their specific research application. In many preclinical studies, TB-500 is administered in a “loading phase” with higher dosages for the first 1-2 weeks, followed by a “maintenance phase” with lower dosages. However, this dosing strategy has not been validated in humans and should only be used in research settings. Always follow institutional guidelines and ethical protocols when conducting research with peptides.

Q4: What are the most common routes of administration for TB-500 in research?

A: In preclinical research, TB-500 has been administered through various routes, including: (1) Subcutaneous injection – the most common route, allowing for sustained release and systemic distribution; (2) Intraperitoneal injection – commonly used in rodent studies for rapid systemic absorption; (3) Intravenous injection – used when immediate systemic effects are desired; (4) Intramuscular injection – used for musculoskeletal injury studies to maximize local concentration at the injury site; (5) Topical application – used for wound healing and skin regeneration studies; (6) Local injection at the injury site – used for musculoskeletal injury studies to maximize local concentration; (7) Intranasal administration – investigated for neurological applications to bypass the blood-brain barrier. The choice of administration route depends on the research objectives, target tissue, and animal model being used. TB-500 has good bioavailability through most routes of administration due to its small size and stability.

Q5: Are there any known side effects or safety concerns with TB-500?

A: TB-500 has demonstrated an excellent safety profile in preclinical studies, with no significant adverse effects reported even at dosages many times higher than those typically used in research. The peptide has been shown to have low toxicity and does not appear to have significant effects on blood pressure, heart rate, or other vital signs at therapeutic dosages. However, as with any research compound, there are some important safety considerations: (1) TB-500 is not approved for human use, and its long-term safety in humans has not been established; (2) Some studies have suggested that TB-500 may promote the growth of certain cell types, which has led to concerns about its potential effects on cancer cell proliferation. However, preclinical studies have not shown that TB-500 promotes tumor growth, and some studies have even suggested anti-tumor effects; (3) The peptide may interact with certain medications, particularly anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs, due to its effects on blood clotting; (4) As with any injectable product, there is a risk of local reaction at the injection site, including redness, swelling, or pain. Researchers should always follow proper safety protocols and consult institutional safety guidelines when working with TB-500.

Q6: How does TB-500 compare to BPC-157?

A: TB-500 and BPC-157 are both peptides that have been extensively studied for their healing properties, but they work through different mechanisms and have distinct profiles. BPC-157 is a 15-amino-acid peptide derived from gastric juice, while TB-500 is a 43-amino-acid peptide derived from thymosin beta-4. BPC-157 primarily works by promoting angiogenesis, modulating growth factors, and reducing inflammation. It is particularly effective for gastrointestinal healing, musculoskeletal repair, and organ protection. TB-500, on the other hand, works by regulating actin dynamics, promoting cell migration, and modulating growth factors. It is particularly known for its effects on connective tissue healing, flexibility, and wound healing. TB-500 is often preferred for tendon and ligament injuries due to its ability to promote the formation of more elastic and flexible scar tissue. Many researchers use TB-500 and BPC-157 in combination, as they may have synergistic effects. BPC-157 primarily promotes the healing of soft tissues and organs, while TB-500 is particularly effective for connective tissue injuries. The combination of these two peptides may provide more comprehensive healing benefits than either peptide alone. At Hanpro Peptides, we offer both TB-500 and BPC-157, as well as a combination product (BPC + TB), for research purposes.

Q7: What is the shelf life of TB-500, and how should it be stored?

A: When stored properly, lyophilized (freeze-dried) TB-500 has a shelf life of up to 2 years from the date of manufacture when stored at -20°C in a freezer. It is important to keep the peptide in its original sealed vial and protect it from light, moisture, and temperature fluctuations. After reconstitution, TB-500 should be stored in a refrigerator at 2-8°C and used within 30 days. For longer storage of reconstituted peptide (up to 6 months), it is recommended to aliquot the solution into individual doses and store at -20°C. However, repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided, as they can degrade the peptide over time. Always check the product’s expiration date and Certificate of Analysis (COA) for specific storage recommendations. At Hanpro Peptides, all our products are shipped with cold packs to maintain stability during transit, and each vial comes with a detailed COA specifying the manufacture date, expiration date, and purity level. It is important to note that TB-500 should not be stored at room temperature for extended periods, as this can lead to degradation of the peptide.

Related Products for Research

For researchers investigating tissue repair and regeneration, we recommend exploring these related peptides:

• BPC 157 – A 15-amino-acid peptide derived from gastric juice, known for its remarkable healing properties. Particularly effective for gastrointestinal healing, musculoskeletal repair, and organ protection. Often studied in combination with TB-500 for synergistic effects.
• BPC + TB Combination – A pre-mixed combination of BPC 157 and TB-500, designed for researchers investigating the synergistic effects of these two healing peptides. Available in convenient combination vials.
• GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide) – A naturally occurring peptide complex with copper, known for its wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and tissue regeneration properties. Particularly studied for skin and hair follicle regeneration, and connective tissue repair.
• KPV (Lysine-Proline-Valine) – A tripeptide derived from alpha-MSH, with potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Studied for inflammatory bowel disease, skin conditions, and wound healing.
• Ipamorelin – A growth hormone secretagogue that stimulates the release of growth hormone, supporting tissue repair, muscle growth, and recovery. Often used in combination with healing peptides for enhanced regenerative effects.
• CJC-1295 Without DAC – A growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog that increases growth hormone and IGF-1 levels, supporting tissue repair and recovery. Frequently studied in combination with Ipamorelin.
• Thymosin Alpha-1 – A peptide with immunomodulatory properties, studied for its effects on immune function, viral infections, and cancer. Related to TB-500 but with distinct mechanisms and applications.

Quality Assurance at Hanpro Peptides

At Hanpro Peptides, we are committed to providing researchers with the highest quality peptides available. Our TB-500 is manufactured in state-of-the-art facilities using solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) technology, ensuring consistent quality and purity batch after batch.

Our Quality Control Process Includes:

• High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): Every batch is analyzed by HPLC to verify purity ≥99%. This ensures that our products are free from impurities and contaminants that could affect research results.
• Mass Spectrometry (MS): Mass spectrometry is used to confirm the molecular weight and identity of each peptide, ensuring that the product matches the expected amino acid sequence.
• Certificate of Analysis (COA): Every product comes with a detailed COA that includes the batch number, manufacture date, expiration date, purity level, and test results. Researchers can use this information to verify product quality and document their research materials.
• Microbiological Testing: Our products undergo rigorous microbiological testing to ensure they are free from bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.
• Endotoxin Testing: For peptides intended for in vivo studies, we conduct endotoxin testing to ensure that levels are within acceptable limits for research use.

We also offer custom peptide synthesis services for researchers who require specific sequences, modifications, or formulations. Our team of experienced chemists can synthesize peptides ranging from simple dipeptides to complex 50+ amino acid sequences with various modifications, including acetylation, amidation, phosphorylation, and fluorescent labeling.

Disclaimer

Important Notice: All products sold by Hanpro Peptides are intended for laboratory research purposes only. They are not intended for human consumption, diagnostic use, or therapeutic application. TB-500 has not been approved by the FDA or any other regulatory agency for human use, and its safety and efficacy in humans have not been established.

Researchers are responsible for ensuring that their use of our products complies with all applicable local, state, and federal regulations, as well as institutional guidelines and ethical protocols. Our products should only be used by qualified researchers in properly equipped laboratory settings.

The information provided in this product description is for educational and informational purposes only and is based on published scientific literature. It does not constitute medical advice, and we make no claims regarding the therapeutic effects or safety of our products for human use. Any references to potential therapeutic applications are based on preclinical research and are not intended to suggest that these products are safe or effective for human consumption.

By purchasing and using our products, you acknowledge and agree that you are a qualified researcher, that you will use our products only for legitimate scientific research, and that you assume all responsibility for ensuring compliance with applicable regulations and ethical guidelines.

If you have any questions about our products, quality control processes, or custom synthesis services, please contact our customer support team. We are committed to providing researchers with the highest quality products and exceptional customer service to support your important research endeavors.

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